Author: yudingyu (218.27.83.---)
Date: 11-01-05 23:01
Collapsar (or black hole) is fixed star with electricity.
两星目击回忆录Observation memoirist for two-star circling each other.
(附讨论） 于丁羽 (and discussing) Dingyu Yu
有一天晚上，我在户外，抬头看见满天星星，密密麻麻的。
An evening, I was in out-door, a lot of stars, which are bright, are on the sky.
这时，有一颗星星突然移动起来，并逐渐加快。
Suddenly, a star (star-A) began to move from north to south, and from slowly to fast.
当它移到另一颗星星的一侧时，这两颗星星顺势互相环绕，各绕了半周，移过来的那颗绕到了另一侧。
When the moving-star(star-A) arrived to the side of another star(star-B), both two stars(star-A and star-B) began to move in a circle orbit that the two stars are constantly at the two terminals of a diameter of the circle. Both two stars move half of a circle in a constant speed.
然后，原来不动的那颗仍然不动，移过来的那颗又顺势返回去了，并逐渐减慢，最后停在它起动的位置附近。
Then the star-B stopped and the star-A keep to move in a straight line from south to north, and from fast to slowly. At last, the star-A stopped at a position where are very near the initial position of the star-A.
两星的起始距离约为月面直径，走过这段距离所用的时间约为5秒，做加速直线运动。
The initial distance between two stars is about equal to the diameter of the moon. This is also the length of the straight path of the star-A, the star-A covered this straight path in about 5 seconds and from slowly to fast.
互相环绕的距离约为月面直径的五分之一，环绕半周所用的时间约为1秒，做均速圆周运动。
The length of the diameter of the circle orbit is equal to one fifth (1/5) of the diameter of the moon. The two stars covered this circle orbit in about 1 second in a constant speed.
返回的最后距离约为月面直径，返回所用的时间约为5秒，返回方向与靠近方向相反，做减速直线运动。
After moving in a circle orbit, the star-A return to its initial position in a straight path, the length of this straight path is about equal to the diameter of the moon, and the star-A covered this distance in about 5 seconds, from fast to slowly.
最终停在它起动的位置附近，就再也不动了，很长时间两颗星星都不动了。
At last, the star-A stopped at a position where is very near its initial position. For a long time, both two stars are kept static (moveless).
该天文现象发生的时间大约是1967年，12月份，某一天晚上8点左右。
This observation was in December, 1967, about 8 o’clock in evening in Beijing Time that is 8 hours before the Greenwich Time.
观测地点在长春市郊区[东经125度北纬44度]。该双星在天空中的位置为正东方向，距天顶约20度。
The position of this observation is on the suburb of the city Changchun at the northeast in China. The longitude of the position of this observation is east125 and the latitude of the position of this observation is north 44.
绕转时两星在同一条旋扫直径的两端，各转了180度，画出的两段弧几乎组成正圆。绕转之前移动方向为自北向南，沿圆周的切线运动。绕转之后移动方向为自南向北，也是沿圆周的切线运动。
这两颗星的亮度相等，不是很亮，但肉眼可清楚看见。
The brightness of the two stars is equal to one another. Both two stars are not very bright but both two stars can be seen clearly in eyes.
整个运动过程及其后很长时间，亮度都没有变化。
During this process the brightness of the two stars are kept unchanged, and after that a long time the brightness of the two stars are kept unchanged.
由于当时对此天文现象认识不足，没有刻意记录准确的时间，也没有测量天区及认定星座，拖延的时间太久，以至失去了应有的学术价值。
这两颗星现在还在天上挂着，天气晴朗时，肉眼仍能看到，只是笔者已认不准是哪两颗了。
任何现象都会留下蛛丝马迹，有兴趣的朋友可以根据本文提供的线索跟踪观测，最终一定会把这两颗星找到的。
即使偏心率越大，周期越长，也总会有个周期吧。
Though the eccentricity is very big and the cycle is very long, the cycle is a limited.
如果能对下次绕转做出预报，让大家都能目睹这一奇观，不失为爱好者的一件幸事。
If the next presence of this phenomenon can be predicted, it is better to all people who are interested in this observation.
附： Discussing:
我们知道，月球的直径是3480公里，月球到地球的距离是384000公里。
As you know, the diameter of the moon is 3480 kilometers and the distance from earth to the moon is 384000 kilometers.
根据亮度，我们可以假定，绕转的双星距离我们300光年。
According to the brightness, we can know that the distance from the two stars to us are 300 light-years.
由于光是直线传播的，根据相似形对应边成比例的公式，我们可以计算出，绕转时两星的距离为0.54光年，两星的线速度为光速的2700万倍。
Because light transmits in a straight line, we can use the principle of similarity shape (comparability), to find out that distance between the two stars are 0.54 light-years and the moving speed of the two stars are equal to 27 million times of the speed of light.
我们还可以进一步假定，这两颗星的质量相同，都是太阳质量的1.5倍，即都是297万亿亿亿公斤。
Further more, we can suppose that every one of the two stars has the mass that is equal to one and half of the mass of the sun, that is, 2970 octillion (one with 27 zeros) kilogram.
利用万有引力和向心力的公式，我们可以计算出，绕转所需的向心力为万有引力的3400亿亿亿倍。
With the formula of universal gravitation and centripetal force, we can find out the centripetal force to keep two stars moving in a circle orbit is equal to 3.4 octillion times of the universal gravitation between the two stars.
这说明该向心力不可能是由万有引力提供的。
That means that the universal gravitation can not supply enough centripetal force.
我们知道，宇宙中只有万有引力和电磁力这两种长程力。
As you know, only universal gravitation and electromagnetic force are long-distance force in the universe.
那麽，这个向心力就只能是由电磁力提供的了。
Therefore, the centripetal force can only be supplied by can electromagnetic force.
也就是说，这两颗星带有相反的电荷，因而会产生静电引力。
That means, the two stars are with different kinds of static electricity charges.
假定两星所带的电荷数量相等，根据库仑定律，我们可以计算出，在两星中平均每19100个原子单位质量，就必须带有一个电子电荷，所产生的静电引力才能够提供足够的向心力。
Suppose static electricity charges in the two stars are equal to one another, according to the Coulomb’s law, we find that there must be an electron charge in 19100 atom-unit mass, to generate enough Coulomb force that is used as centripetal force.
也就是说，平均在19100个中子当中，要夹带一个过剩质子或电子（反质子）。
That means, in average, there is a extra proton or electron (antiproton) in 19100 neutrons.
如果是普通恒星，带这麽多电荷是不可能稳定存在的。
It will be unstable for a normal star with so much electricity charges.
它会由于电荷的斥力而爆炸分散开的。
The star will be explosion for the Coulomb-force supplied by the static electricity charge in a star.
因为这个斥力也会比万有引力大3400亿亿亿倍（忽略电荷的趋肤效应）。
The Coulomb-force in a star is equal to 3.4 octillion times of universal gravitation (neglect the effect of electricity charge tending to the surface).
但是，如果是两颗中子星，我们可以把它想象成是两个巨大的原子核。
However, for neutron-star, we can consider neutron-star as a huge nuclear.在原子核中，核力要比电磁力大137倍。
In a nuclear, the nuclear force is equal to 137 times of electromagnetic force.
这种短程力能使原子核保持稳定，当然也能使带电中子星保持稳定。
This kind of short-distance force can let nucleus stable, so it can let a neutron-star stable.
至于中子星上的电荷是怎样聚积起来的，特别是负电荷，这相当于带负电的原子核（反物质），这个问题也许是上帝安排的吧。
How is the electricity changes accumulated in a neutron-star, especially for negative electricity charges, which is correspond to nucleus with negative electricity (anti-substance). This problem may be put out by the God.
另外，两星的移动和绕转是由巨大的引力拉动的。
Besides, the moving of the two stars is pulled by some huge pulling-force.
那麽，在移过来之前和移回去之后的长时间里，这两颗星却在保持静止不动。
And before the movement and after the movement, the two stars are kept static (moveless).
此时，这个巨大的引力跑到哪里去了？是减弱了，还是消失了。
Then, where is the huge pulling-force? is it lessened or vanished?
我们可否想象成，这是由于附近其他星体所带电荷，在两星周围产生的电磁场在起作用，抵消了这个力。
Therefore we can suppose, because some stars nearby are with electricity charges, and they generate some electromagnetic field, so the pulling-force was counteracted.
也就是说，这个力的变化以及每颗星的位置变化，是由星座中所有星体（和黑洞）的共同作用之和所决定的。
That is, the change of the pulling-forge and change of the positions of those stars, are decided by the corporate (common act) of all stars (and collapsars or black holes) in the galaxy.
质量是太阳数十亿倍的超级黑洞，也许是带电恒星。其质量并不比太阳大多少，只是其带电而产生巨大引力罢了。
The supper collapsar (or black hole), with millions times of mass of the sun, is possibly with electricity charges, its mass is not very bigger than the mass of the sun. Its huge pulling-force may be generated by its electricity charges.
此引力并非万有引力，而是电磁力。
Therefore the pulling-force is Coulomb force rather than universal gravitation.
同样，暗物质也许是带电的，其引力也许大部分是电磁力。
In the same way, dark substance may be with electricity, its pulling force may be mainly electromagnetic force.
以上只是笔者的个人浅见，欢迎各位朋友发表高论。
All those are private opinion, any discuss are welcome.
2004年10月 October, 2004.
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